Forms of Business Organization

Forms of Business Organization Free Online Research Papers For American business owners there are a variety of legal structures available to organize their businesses. These various legal structures make provisions for liability, income taxes, continuity of the business, control of the business, profit retention, and regulatory requirements. Each of these organizational structures is different and offers advantages and disadvantages. It is the responsibility of the business owner to choose an organizational structure that will maximize advantages and minimize disadvantages for their business. Some of the various legal structures and their specific characteristics include: SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP – A sole proprietorship is the most common business organization used today. It is an unincorporated business owned by a single person and is used most often by small businesses that do not have large capital needs. 1. Liability: The owner is personally liable for all of the business’s debts. This is a serious disadvantage of a sole proprietorship. 2. Income taxes: A sole proprietorship is not a taxable entity. Unlike a C corporation, profits from a sole proprietorship are not taxed twice. All profits and losses pass through to the owner and are taxed at the owner’s personal tax rate. 3. Continuity: A sole proprietorship will continue as long as there is one owner. If the owner brings someone on board to help manage or add capital to the business, then it will cease being a sole proprietorship and it will become a partnership. 4. Control: The business owner has total control of a sole proprietorship. However, a serious disadvantage of a sole proprietorship is the owner’s inability to raise capital since there is no stock to sell. Managing his debt and cash flow is the only way to increase capital. 5. Profit Retention: A sole proprietorship is not a taxable entity; consequently profits from a sole proprietorship are not taxed twice. All profits and losses pass through to the owner and are taxed once at the owner’s individual tax rate. Avoiding the double taxation of a corporation enables the sole proprietor to pay less in taxes and keep more of the profits earned. 6. Regulatory Requirements: A sole proprietorship is very easy to form. It does not have the reporting requirements of a corporation (board of director meetings, minutes, etc.). Its filing requirements are generally quarterly tax payment estimations to the IRS for the owner’s personal taxes, and if applicable, monthly state sales tax reports. GENERAL PARTNERSHIP – A general partnership is similar to a sole proprietorship in that it’s an unincorporated business with two or more co-owners. 1. Liability: Like a sole proprietorship, each partner in a general partnership is personally liable for any business debts, whether they are the fault of his actions, his partner(s), or his employees. This is a serious disadvantage of a general partnership. 2. Income taxes: A general partnership is not a taxable entity. Unlike a C corporation, the profit of a general partnership is not taxed twice. All profits and losses are passed through to the partners and taxed once at their personal tax rates. 3. Continuity: A general partnership has the right to choose its duration. It depends upon the partnership agreement. When a partner leaves a general partnership its called disassociation, and the remaining partners buy out the value of the departing partner, or they dissolve the partnership entirely. If it’s a large partnership the business generally continues to operate. 4. Control: A disadvantage of a general partnership is the management of the partnership, since all partners technically have a right to share in the management. This is especially true if there are many partners in the business, such as in a large law firm. As a rule many large general partnerships establish a management team to oversee their day to day operations. However, this does not negate the right of individual partners to address the management team if they deem it necessary. 5. Profit Retention: Unlike a C corporation, profits from a general partnership are not taxed twice. Since a general partnership is not a taxable entity, all profits and losses are passed through to the partners and are taxed at each partner’s individual tax rate. Avoiding the double taxation of a C corporation enables the partners in the general partnership to pay less in taxes and keep more of the profits earned. 6. Regulatory Requirements: A general partnership is easy to form and does not require the partners to file a formal partnership agreement with the government. LIMITED PARTNERSHIP – A limited partnership is similar to a general partnership except there are general partners and limited partners. 1. Liability: In a limited partnership the general partners are personally liable for the limited partnership’s debt. To protect themselves from this personal liability, many general partners are corporations so only the assets of the corporation are at risk, and not their personal assets. On the other hand, the limited partners are not personally liable for the partnership’s debt. Only their capital investment in the limited partnership is at risk. 2. Income taxes: A limited partnership is not a taxable entity. Unlike a C corporation, the profit of a limited partnership is not taxed twice. All profits and losses are passed through to the partners and are taxed once at their personal tax rates. 3. Continuity: The continuity of a limited partnership depends upon the partnership agreement. Generally a limited partnership has the right to choose its duration. When a partner leaves a limited partnership it’s called disassociation. When this happens the remaining partners either buy out the value of the departing partner, or they dissolve the partnership entirely. 4. Control: As a rule general partners run the limited partnership. The limited partners are primarily passive investors in the partnership. 5. Profit Retention: Unlike a C corporation, profits from a limited partnership are not taxed twice. Since a limited partnership is not a taxable entity, all profits and losses are passed through to the partners and are taxed once at each partner’s individual tax rate. By avoiding the double taxation of a C corporation, the limited partnership enables the partners to pay less in taxes and keep more of the profits earned. 6. Regulatory Requirements: It is difficult to form a limited partnership. Unlike a general partnership, a limited partnership must file a certificate of limited partnership with their Secretary of State and annual reports. C CORPORATION – A C corporation is a legal entity that offers limited liability to its shareholders for corporate debts or liability while protecting the shareholder’s personal assets. Corporations can be â€Å"closed† corporations owned by a small group or family, or â€Å"open† corporations whose stock is sold or traded on the stock market. 1. Liability: A corporation offers limited liability to the shareholders for the corporation’s debts and liability. The shareholder’s personal assets are not at risk. The only possible exception would be if a shareholder injured someone using corporate property. The corporation would be corporately liable and the shareholder would be personally liable. 2. Income taxes: A disadvantage of a C corporation is its income is taxed twice. A corporation pays taxes and files tax returns on its income, and the shareholder’s also pay personal taxes on the dividend income received from the corporation. 3. Continuity: Once a C corporation is formed it can exist indefinitely, with or without the original stockholders. 4. Control: A C corporation is managed by a Board of Directors who are usually shareholders with a large stake in the corporation. 5. Profit Retention: This is a disadvantage of a C corporation. Profit retention for a C corporation is less than that of a general partnership, since a C corporation’s income is taxed twice. A C corporation pays taxes on its income and the shareholder’s also pay personal taxes on the dividend income received from the corporation. 6. Regulatory Requirements: This is a disadvantage of a C corporation. It is difficult to form a C corporation because regulatory requirements are many. A C corporation is required to file incorporation documents with the state, additional filings throughout the year, and keep Board of Directors reports, minutes of meetings, etc. S CORPORATION – An S corporation is a legal entity that offers the limited liability of a corporation, but the pass through tax advantages of a partnership. 1. Liability: An S corporation offers its shareholders limited liability for the corporation’s debt. 2. Income taxes: An S Corporation is not a taxable entity (unlike a C corporation) and it does not pay taxes on its income. In this respect it functions much like a partnership. Income passes through the S corporation to the shareholders, who then pay taxes on the income at their individual tax rates. This is a clear advantage of an S corporation. 3. Continuity: Once an S corporation is formed it can exist indefinitely, with or without the original stockholders. However, it should be noted there are restrictions on the transfer of stock in accordance with the regulatory requirements listed below. 4. Control: An S corporation is managed by a Board of Directors who generally are shareholders with a large stake in the corporation. 5. Profit Retention: Since an S Corporation is not a taxable entity; all profits and losses are passed through to the shareholders and are taxed once at each shareholders individual tax rate. By avoiding the double taxation of a C corporation, the S corporation enables its shareholders to pay less in taxes and keep more of the profits earned. 6. Regulatory Requirements: An S Corporation is difficult to form and has many regulatory requirements. Some of these requirements include one class of stock; a limit of 75 shareholders, shareholders must be U.S. citizens and cannot be corporations or partnerships. The regulatory requirements for an S corporation are disadvantageous. LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY – An LLC is a legal entity similar to an S corporation in that it offers the limited liability of a corporation, but the tax advantages of a partnership. 1. Liability: An LLC offers its members limited liability of the company’s debt and protects the member’s personal assets. In an LLC only the capital investment of the members is at risk. 2. Income taxes: An LLC is not a taxable entity and it does not pay taxes on its income. In this respect it functions much like a partnership. Income passes through the LLC to its members, who then pay taxes once on the income at their individual tax rates. This is an advantage of an LLC. 3. Continuity: In a general sense once an LLC is formed it can exist indefinitely. However, this can vary depending on each state’s regulations regarding LLCs. If the operating agreement permits, an LLC member can transfer their interest in the LLC to anyone else without restriction. However, if the operating agreement does not address the transfer of interest, then the members of the LLC must unanimously agree to the transfer muck like in a partnership. 4. Control: A limited liability company is managed by a Board of Directors who are usually members with a large financial interest in the LLC. 5. Profit Retention: Since an LLC is not a taxable entity, all profits and losses are passed through to its members and are taxed once at each member’s individual tax rate. By avoiding double taxation the LLC enables its members to pay less in taxes and keep more of the profits earned. This is an advantage of an LLC. 6. Regulatory Requirements: A limited liability company is difficult to form and has many regulatory requirements. A charter must be filed with the Secretary of State and an operating agreement must be established outlining the obligations and rights of the LLC members. Since a limited liability company is a fairly new legal entity, perhaps the greatest difficulty is the varying requirements and restrictions for LLCs from state to state. REFERENCES Beatty, J., Samuelson, S. (2007). Business Law and the Legal Environment. Mason, OH: Thomson West Research Papers on Forms of Business OrganizationMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalHip-Hop is ArtPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThree Concepts of PsychodynamicMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAW

How to Volunteer at an Animal Shelter

How to Volunteer at an Animal Shelter SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Love animals? Thinking about a career as a veterinarian? Or maybe you're just hoping to play with animals? Volunteering at an animal shelter can be a great experience. How can you become an animal shelter volunteer? What will you do as a volunteer? Are there alternative experiences? This guide will answer all those questions and more, so read on! What to Expect as an Animal Shelter Volunteer While volunteering at an animal shelter can be a great experience, it's not going to be fun and games all the time.You willget to play with animals, but that will not be your only responsibility.You’ll likely also be cleaning up after them, sweeping, mopping, filling water and food bowls, tidying litter boxes, washing towels, etc. After all of these things are done, you'll have a chance toplay with the animals. It's going to be work first, and then fun. You’ll likely also have to deal with some customer servicework such asanswering phone calls and responding toadoptionquestions. Depending on the shelter where you work, you may be assigned a specific "job." These jobs include: Adoption Liaison:Assist potential adopters through the process of adoption (meeting animals, filling out paperwork, etc.). Kennel Assistant (sometimes dog or cat specific): Clean the kennel, feed the animals, and provide walks/exercise for the animals. Training Class Assistant:Helprunthe dog training classes offered by the shelter (if applicable). Surgery Support Volunteer:Stay with the animals as they wake up from surgery. Make sure pet owners have all the information they need for post-surgery care. Animal Transport Volunteer:Driveanimals between the shelter and clinic. NOTE:Some shelters require you be 18 years or older to do certain jobs such as animal transport. On top of the menial tasks you may have to do as an animal shelter volunteer, you’ll also likely deal with some sadness.Youmayget attached to animals who end up adopted, and if you work at a kill shelter, you might also get attached to animals that end up euthanized.It’s not always an easy job, so make sure you take all of this into consideration before committing to volunteering at an animal shelter. WhatArethe Requirements for Being an Animal Shelter Volunteer? Most shelters only allow volunteers aged 16 and older.Check your local shelter to find out their age requirement (I’ll get into how to locate a shelter below).If you’re under 16 and want to volunteer, see if they’ll make an exception.They may also let you volunteer if your legal guardian signs off on it or if your legal guardian volunteers with you. Most shelters make you commit to at least a few months of volunteering, if not a full year.These shelters spend time and money training their volunteers, so they want to make sure you’re committed. Atyour trainingororientation, you'll learn the rules of volunteering, sign paperwork (release forms), and get a tour of the facilities along with instructions on how to do your volunteer "job." On top of a commitment to a length of time, you usually also have to commit to at least one shift every other week. Shifts range from 2-4 hours depending on the shelter. Some shelters have physical requirements too (since you might be dealing with large animals and lifting things).They mayrequire you to be physically fit enough to stand and or walk for up to 3 hours and be able to lift and carry 20 lbs or more.They also may require you to be able to tolerate loud sounds and bad odors. Again, contact your local shelter or humane society to ask about their specific volunteer requirements.Learn how to find their contact informationin the next section How to Find a Volunteering OpportunityNear You Finding an animal shelternear you should be as simple as conducting a Google Search for â€Å"[Your Town Name] Animal Shelter† or â€Å"[Your Town Name] Animal Rescue† or â€Å"[Your Town Name] Humane Society.†That should lead you to thewebsite for an animal shelter or, at least, the contact information for an animal shelter near you. If you’re able to locate a specific animal shelter website, look for a volunteer page.On the volunteer page, shelters usually list a contact person for potential volunteers. Reach out to that person to get started as a volunteer.Other shelters have online applications for potential volunteers. Fill one out to get started. If you’re unable to find a website, use whatever contact information you can find through Google to get in touch with someone (whether through phone or email) who works at the shelter andask about volunteering. Don’t be surprised if it takes you a while to get a response about volunteering or if a shelter tells you they don’t need volunteers right now. Volunteering at animal shelters can be very popular, and someshelters already have a lot of volunteers and don’t need more help.You maybe able to be put on a volunteer waitlist. However, if that's not an option,try to approach the next closest shelter in your area. The Good and Bad of Volunteering at an Animal Shelter How is volunteering at an animal shelter different than other volunteer work?You get to work with animals and meet like-minded animal lovers! It's a great way to make friends and spend time with cuddly critters. You also get to help lonely animals. You get to play with them, make sure they live in a clean environment, and help them find loving homes. You'll help guide people on their path to finding their dream pet. It's challenging work, but it can also be a rewarding process. Are you interested in potentially becoming a veterinarian or doing other work with animals? Volunteeringat a humane society will allow you to test out whetheryou’d like to pursue a career working with animals.Working as a shelter volunteer, you'll learn so much about what it takes to take care of animals. You'll learn how hard it is, how rewarding it is, and how sad it can be. By the end of your volunteer experience, you should have a good understanding of whether it's the work you want to do. Volunteering at an animal shelter can also be a great experience for your college application. Here at PrepScholar, we often recommend you try to be an expert in one field rather than well-rounded. Colleges want students who're experts in something.If your passion is animals, or something similar, working at an animal shelterwill look great on your application. Make sure you complement your animal shelter volunteer work with other animal-related experiences(i.e. hosting a fundraiser to build a dog park or gathering signatures to add an animal to the endangered species list). Additionally, many extracurricular experiences cost money (such asvolunteer abroad programs). Volunteering is a free extracurricular experience that won't cost you anything other than your time. I highly recommend engaging in volunteer work even if you ultimately decide an animal shelter is not the right place for you. Keep in mind that, as I said before, volunteer work is not all fun. You'll have to do menial work such as cleaning up after the animals beforeyou can play with them. Additionally, if you work at a kill shelter, you might getattached to animals who get adopted or euthanized.If you’re interested in working with animals (but don’t want to or can't work at an animal shelter), you could try some similar alternatives. Check out the next section for ideas. Alternatives to Volunteering at an Animal Shelter If you don’t have the time to commit to working at a shelter, consider job shadowing a veterinarian for a day or two.Job shadowing is a great, quick way to learn more about veterinary work. Another alternative isfostering an animal if youhave space at your house (and yourparents allow it).However, fostering is a big commitment, so make sure that you and your family have the time to dedicate to caring for the animal you foster. If you need to make money and don’t have the time to volunteer for free, consider trying to get a job as a dog walker or pet sitter.If you live in a major metropolitan area (NY, LA, Seattle, etc.), there is a dog walking app called Wag, where you can set your own hours to walk dogs. Consider checking it out! If you’re interested in medicine in general (and not just working with animals), consider doing a summer medical program, summer medical internship, volunteering at a hospital, or job shadowing a doctor.Read our other article on Medical Experiences for High School Students for more details (Coming soon!). What’s Next? If you’re a high school student looking for an extracurricular activity, learn about Model UN and how to join your high school newspaper. Looking for something to do this summer? You should check out the Emory Pre-College Program and the Boston University Summer Challenge. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Mandatory mediation in the United States of America Essay

Mandatory mediation in the United States of America - Essay Example (Mediation. Indopedia. [internet]). There are instances when mediation is resorted to because a controversy has arisen and the adversaries choose to have the matter passed upon by a neutral referee, called the mediator, rather than to go through the rigors and the high cost of court proceedings which are usually protracted. In some other situations, there is a clause in the covering contract in which the parties provide for a mediation mechanism. This part of the main agreement has a jurisdictional repercussion because the supposed hearing court will not normally entertain a stipulated dispute if the mediation remedy is not first exhausted. It is given that alternative dispute resolutions which include mediation have become the better option to settle controversies without resorting to court processes. (Alternative Dispute Resolution. Superior Court of California. County of Fresno. [internet]). It is claimed that the idea of mediation in the United States of America started as early as during the time of the native American tribes. (Eric van Ginkel. Mediation under National Law: United States of America. IBA Legal Practice Division. MEDIATION COMMITTEE NEWSLETTER. August 2005. [internet]). Before proceeding, it is deemed important that mediation be distinguished from arbitration because there is that usual mistake of interchanging the two under the wrong perception that both are the same or similar. Arbitration is a more expeditious, less complex and inexpensive replacement of a court suit. The controversy is endorsed to an impartial outside party called the arbitrator who has expertise over the subject of the conflict. After a prudent assessment and evaluation of the pertinent facts, the arbitrator decides in favor of the party he deems has a... Courts all over the world are clogged with cases. This drawback means humongous costs to the government concerned and an insignia of justice being denied as having been rendered too late. Owing to this, substitute ways to resolve disputes have long been thought of to patch up controversies peacefully and inexpensively, that is, without the intercession of the judicial agencies of the state.One such extra-judicial methodology is mediation which is a form of an alternative dispute resolution.Mediation is a tool used to resolve conflicts between or among natural persons, business entities and even nations. It is actually one of the conventional types of alternative dispute resolution, the other one being arbitration.There is no general federal law that governs definite rules and regulations over the whole caboodle of the mediation remedy. Even the Uniform Mediation Act cannot yet be fully applied to and adopted by all the states of the United States because the individual territories or jurisdictions have their own mediation structures and methodologies. Also, every state has its own unique culture, industry, climate, products and other variables for which each mediation procedure or set of procedures may rather be customized for appropriate applicability. Furthermore, the respective states already have mandatory mediation legislations in place numbering two thousand five hundred all over the country.

Explain the role of the judiciary in developing common law. Does this Essay

Explain the role of the judiciary in developing common law. Does this role assist with law making Explain the law making proces - Essay Example Customs were codified in the period of William the conqueror and this is said to be the basis of common law. With time, the king’s courts started to be used as a forum for dispute resolution of individuals, thus making it the common law and was subsequently said to be distinct from customs. However, the judges of that based their decisions on the customs and when a situation arose where no custom could be found new laws were formed. The procedure used at that point in time was by way of issuance of a writ, however, problems arose, as writs were fixed and only Parliament could approve a new writ, for a problem, which did not come under the existing writs. This caused a lot of problems thereby creating a rigid legal system and in lieu of this a practice of petitioning to the king was developed whereby individual cases were dealt with by the Chancellor. In turn a Court of Chancery was established whereby a new rule of ‘equity’ was established, which was contrary to t he common law of the ordinary courts. 1 The Court of Chancery was effective in respect of rectifying injustices but the existence of a parallel system was a problem, one of the problems being the existence of two separate procedures and was bought to an end by the Judicature act 1873-1875 whereby a unified system was established. 2 Thus the important aspect of the English Legal System has been its development by way of precedents, which the courts followed by way of the hierarchy of the courts. Furthermore, the fact that the House of Lords did not till 1966 have the power to overrule its own decision has also played an important role in this respect. The hierarchy of the courts has played an important part in respect of development of the common law and therefore the doctrine of binding precedent has led to such development. 3 The decisions of the judges are based upon the ratio decidendi and obiter dictum. The ratio of a judgment is the binding decision and the reasons for deciding , however, obiter dicta are the things that have been said by the way.4 The advantages of the hierarchy of the courts and judicial precedent is the consistency of decisions, certainty of decisions, efficiency of time and last but not the least flexibility of judges to mould common law.5 The disadvantages can be uncertainty by stare decisis, fixity by way of unjust precedent and unconstitutionality in respect of separation of powers.6 Thus the judges have played an important role in respect of developing the common law as can be seen by the historical developments. The judges now also play an important role by way of statutory interpretation. The next issue that would be looked into is the law making process of the Westminster Parliament and whether or not it’s effective. The Houses of Parliament are House of Commons and House of Lords. The laws of Parliament also known as Acts of Parliament are also called statutes or legislation. These acts can originate via party manifestos ; national emergency, crisis or new development; Royal Commissions; the Law Commission; or Private Members’ Bills.7 There are different types of Bills and these can be classified as Private Bills; Private Members’ Bills; or Public Bills. Public Bills are the common form of bills introduction of which is usually done by a Government minister. This is the most common type of Bill. Public Bills deals with matters which affects the public generally. As far as Private Members’

American Fast Food in Korea Essay Example for Free

American Fast Food in Korea Essay 1. Base on market information for Asia Pacific, we can made conclusion that business future in Asian region has to have bright future. With 33% of the worlds GDP and 50% of its population, Asia has emerged as a rapidly growing force in the global economy. Due to the cultural diversity, regulatory controls, growing base of consumer power and its own set of business rules, the multinational corporations (MNCs) find it challenging to enter the Asian market successfully. Most MNCs are reassessing their existing strategies or formulating new strategies to sustain their growth (4). With regional exports exceeding $1. 3 trillion, the East Asia and Pacific region’s share of trade in GDP is the highest in the world. (Global Development. Finance Report. 2006). The economy of South Korea has grown in the last 35 years. Per capita GNP only $100 in 1963, exceeded $20,000 USD in 2005. South Korea is now one of the worlds largest economies (as of 2006, it is 14th in the world according to GDP). (2). If we will compare Korean market to East Asian countries (Exhibit 1 p. 12). From report I have strong understanding that mane fast-food market in any Asian countries is in big cities. Let’s check urban population level in all Asian countries. Based on Exhibit 1 we can clearly see that Korea has one of the best Urban Population level-total population level 47. 6 million and urban population is 82%. Check GDP and GNI level. We can see that Korean level one of the highest in the Asia. Nominal GDP (2005 est. ): $811. 1 billion. GDP growth rate: 2003, 3. 1%; 2004, 4. 6%; 2005, 4. 0%. Per capita GNI (2004): $14, 162. (5). In 1997 Korea had some serious economic crises and faced sever difficulties. After some structural reforms in Korean government, economy starts to recovery. Already In 2001 Korea was 13th largest economy in the world with GNP of $398 billion. So based on all information from above I can make conclusion that Korea has good future and it is one of the most promising market in Asian region. 2. Porters Five Forces have become a yardstick for assessing industry profitability. They are ?Buyers/customers power ?Suppliers power ?Rivalry among competitors ?Threat of new entrants ?Threat of substitute products I will try to analyze each one, for Korean fast food market. Buyers ‘power. The power of buyers is the impact that customers have on fast food industry. Buyers could be powerful in different circumstances. I believe that in our case we can say that buyers are concentrated. As I could explain earlier, main per cent of population in Korea are in the big cities. Its give us good idea that for fast food industry in this region will be easier to delivery product to the customers. Buyers purchase the significant proportion of output. Suppliers power. A fast food industry require raw material for there business-labor, components. It leads to buyer-supplier relationship between the fast food industry and the firms that provide it the raw materials used to create products. Suppliers are powerful if they are concentrated- it will be really expensive to switch the supplier. From another side suppliers are week if it will be many suppliers with standard product on the market Korean agriculture sector includes forestry and fisheries. National products are rice, vegetables, fruit, root crops, barley; cattle, pigs, chickens, milk, eggs, fish. About 20% of the land used for agricultural busyness (5). From here we can understand that for fast food companies will be easy to find or switch the suppliers without problems for there businesses. Threat of new entrants. The possibility that new firms may enter the industry also affects competition. In theory any firm should be able to enter and exit market. And if free entrance and exit exists, than profit always should be nominal. There are some barriers of entry. Easy to entry if: little brand franchise; access to distribution channels; common technology. On Korean market steal not allot firms with brand franchise. And it is big requirement in new choices for customers. It let us know that it will be easy to enter to the market. Threat of substitute products. Product price elasticity is affected by substitute products-as more substitute become available, the demand becomes more elastic since customers have more alternatives. A close substitute product constrains the ability of firms in an industry to raise prices. In our case we can see example of some firms, Lotteria and McDonalds, who easy change there recipes for Korean customers which needs more healthy national ingredients for there food. Rivalry among competitors. In pursuing an advantage over its rivals, a firm can choose from several competitive moves: changing prices; improving product; creatively using channels of distribution; exploiting relationship with supplier. For firm who will try to enter Korean market, I would say more realistic and more helpful move will be to improve products. Improving quality of materials, quality of services, and probably quality of food preparation technology (healthier environment), will be most important key to success on the Korean fest food market. 3. Urban Koreans eat out frequently. Fast paced lifestyles are driving Koreans to choose western-style fast-food, but healthy eating is a concern. These factors are driving a fast growing market for sandwich store franchising (3). Another important factor is that about 75%-80% fast food customers are young people whose age less than 20 year old. It is mean that â€Å"along with westernization of Korean taste, western chain gained in popularity†. In the past, people seeking a fast meal would have been satisfied by fast-food giants like McDonalds or Burger King, but it is changing. Consumers are seeking different choices. This new requirements has opened doors for a steadily growing market for fresh and healthy sandwich businesses. Lotteria is a local hamburger franchiser and is the fast-food market leader in Korea. From 2002 to 2003 Lotteria experienced a sharp sales drop of 40%. However, a strong contrast was seen in the South Korean sandwich market, as its $41. 20 million1 market value in the second quarter of 2003 doubled to $82. 40 million in the fourth quarter. This dramatic growth is forecast to continue, and the anticipated market value for 2004 is $117. 71 million (3) Besides Lotteria, the local franchisers include Sandday, Sandpresso and Sand Food. In response to the aggressive foreign companies, they are also coming up with strategies to secure their position within the market, and the competition is about to heat up. Based on all this information I would say that fast food business in Korea growing and this will continue until people need more choices. 4Globalization is the key to sustained growth for Yum Company! Brands, the world’s biggest quick-service restaurant company headquartered in the United States and managing five fast food brands KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, AW and Long John Silver’s. Demand for fast food is rising because lifestyles are changing,’’ said Allan, who leads overseas operations outside of the U. S.and China, in a recent interview with The Korea Times. More Koreans are being time pressured than they were historically. This trend is happening here. The number of people eating ready made food is continuing to increase. ’’(Graham Allan, president of Yum! Restaurants International. 11. 06. 2006) (6). As a socially responsible company, the 51-year-old executive said Yum will provide more optional dishes to health-conscious consumers amid a well-being spree in the nation, but will not abandon its traditional concept of great taste. ’’ Under his leadership, Allan said he will target an annual growth of 10 percent or more in operating profits. There are about 250 Pizza Hut delivery outlets in the nation, which are set to expand to over 400. Korea makes up about 5 percent of Yum’s international division sales, which amount to some $11 billion half of the group’s overall system sales. If I were business consultant, I would recommend starting making money on Korean fast food market. The new trend is propelling growth in the franchising market. It is anticipated that the market will experience intense competition for the next couple years. New fast food companies should be able to take advantage of the situation and enter the market without much difficulty, while it is still at an early stage of development. Reference page: 1. http://www. iff. com/Internet. nsf/0/B7A5C7E9B662B52685256D02006683DA 2. http://www. answers. com/topic/economy-of-south-korea 3. http://ats. agr. ca/asia/3879_e. htm 4. www. berkeleyabc. org/2006/ 5. http://www. state. gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2800. htm 6. http://times. hankooki. com/lpage/biz/200611/kt2006110617463411890. htm.

Jean Piaget Essay -- Essays Papers

Jean Piaget Introduction Now known as one of the trailblazers of developmental psychology, Jean Piaget initially worked in a wide range of fields. Early in his career Piaget studied the human biological processes. These processes intrigued Piaget so much that he began to study the realm of human knowledge. From this study he was determined to uncover the secrets of cognitive growth in humans. Jean Piaget’s research on the growth of the human mind eventually lead to the formation of the cognitive development theory which consists of three main components: schemes, assimilation and accommodation, and the stage model. The theory is best known for Piaget’s construction of the discontinuous stage model which was based on his study of children and how the processes and products of their minds develop over time. According to this stage model, there are four levels of cognitive growth: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. While a substantial amount of psyc hologists presently choose to adhere to the constructs of the information processing approach, Piaget’s ground breaking cognitive development view is still a valuable asset to the branch of developmental psychology. Whether or not Piaget uncovered any answers to the mysteries of human knowledge is disputable, but one belief that few dispute is that Jean Piaget did indeed lay a strong foundation for future developmental psychologists. Historical Background In 1896 the summer in Switzerland was just an ordinary, uneventful three months. However, during this ordinary and uneventful span of time, a child was born who would become an extraordinary developmental psychologist and fulfill the future with ground breaking events in the field of cognitive psychology. He was the son of an intelligent man and a stern, smart religious woman, and the godchild of respected epistemologist Samuel Cornut. With such scholarly surroundings, there is little surprise that Jean Piaget developed into such an intelligent individual. At age eleven, young Piaget wrote a paper on albino sparrows and got it published. This publishing provided him with the opportunity to meet a man who would turn out to be very influential, Paul Godet, the curator at the local museum. Young Piaget also benefited highly from his prestigious high school in Neuchatel, along with the aforementi... ...they themselves are innovative theoretical components. Impact on Society Jean Piaget was the leaning experimental epistemologist, thanks in some part to Simon and Binet’s work, but he set the standard that would not be accepted by the ethnocentric Americans until they were desperate during the Cold War and decided to open their eyes and accept his findings. Once they did this, they implemented Piaget’s theory into many American school systems which would have had a much more beneficial outcome had the powers that be implemented the great man’s work more carefully. Yet Piaget and his theory have survived and he is labeled as â€Å"the dominant force in shaping the cognitive-field and perceptual-field theories.† His theory was strong because he placed intellectual development over the child’s emotional, social, and moral development because he viewed the intellect as having influence over these other developing entities. In conclusion, Piaget summarized the cognitive development theory best in this statement: â€Å"M y secret ambition is that the hypotheses one could oppose to my own ill finally be seen not to contradict them but to result from a normal process of differentiation.†

The Single Life

Adult Development and career Life Assessment Jan. 21, 2010 With the internet implemented worldwide the dating scene has revolutionized. The single lifestyle in my opinion is slowly becoming a thing of the past, especially with social networking sites such as e-harmony, match. com, my-space, or even facebook. How can one define the single life? It depends on who you ask on what kind of definition you will get. In the dictionary single is defined as a relating to the unmarried state or no longer living with. I define being single as being someone who is not actively participating in a relationship with a like minded individual. I have been single for the most part of my life. My very first relationship was my sophomore year in high school. I was only about fifthteen or sixteen years old. Her name was Carla, she and I met in the cafeteria one morning while we were having breakfast before homeroom period started. Even though our high school was very small, I cannot recall ever seeing her before. Once we became friends, we started to date. We would attend school functions, basketball games, choir concerts, basketball games and track meets; as time progressed a little we both got our driver licenses and jobs. This at first was a really good thing for the relationship, due to the fact that we could attend and participate in other functions and activities outside the ones that were primarily school related, for example: the movies, or the fair. One side effect that I noticed from my new experience was that of a wondering mind. I would often find myself not focused on school work or any task for that matter. I would always become distracted when trying to accomplish anything; my attention would immediately be directed to Carla’s and I relationship. This was not benefiting me in anyway. My grades dropped, I became less and less productive at work and didn’t get much rest. Finally I made the decision that if a relationship would cause me not to maintain my focus and career goal that is was not for me at that time. Carla was my first and last serious relationship, and I have made the judgment to remain single until I have reached my educational aspirations. I would like to think that there is no pressure and is a personal choice on staying single or to get married, but it is not like that. Once a person can whole heartedly accept the fact that they are living the single life, it becomes somewhat easier for that individual to interact with others on a daily bases. For example, when a person really and truly feels as if they need to be in a relationship or cannot understand why they are not, that individual could have some problems dealing with others who are in a relationship or someone who is content with the single lifestyle. In my opinion â€Å"coming from personal experience† a person is more likely to find themselves when single as opposed to being in a committed relationship. Being a person who has been in a relationship and single, I can see some pros and cons in both being single and being in a relationship. Attached you will find a diagram with some of the pros and cons. ? ? Pros SINGLE IN A RELATIONSHIP Freedom Someone to share More friendsShared experiences Self-Sufficiency Can Depend on someone Prioritizing Career Two incomes Cons ? SINGLE IN A RELATIONSHIP Lonely Arguments No one to talk toJoint bank accounts One incomeLess time to work Having to cookLess time to focus on school In conclusion I’ve express my view and thought on the single life base on information obtain from personal experiences and article and information researched via the internet. Base on the information presented in my paper I have concluded that being single is conducive to the hectic lifestyle of a young, working college student. I do feel as if everyone needs and deserves someone. Which is why I do not wish to remain single for the remainder of my life, I can honestly say I am at the point in my life where being single is ok and works for me.

Internet has made classroom-based lessons redundant Essay

Ever since the creation of the internet in 1990, the applications on this 21st century program have grown exponentially, ranging from study tools to online markets. With such tools, schools and institutions are unnecessary. In a recent survey conducted by Babson Survey Research Group, it was found that 77 percent of the academic leaders agreed that the rate of learning outcomes via online education is superior to classroom education. One might say that the internet has a wide range of information, but with such a diverse spectrum, it would be tough to have a fixed course. This would cause students the deviate from original objectives, and hinder the learning process. However, critics fail to consider that this would allow students to plan their own preferred course. A preferred course would enhance a student’s education as they will only study topics or courses which they are interested in. Furthermore, educational websites such as Khan Academy provides students with a course outline and would also show their progress over the years. Thus, students would have a course outline to follow and keep track of their learning. In contrary to popular belief, educational platforms have multiple users and these sites allows students to chat online on forums and chats, several even have notes and lectures created by students to enlighten others. Such functions would grant students a chance to exchange knowledge and improve both parties’ proficiency. P2PU — Peer-to-Peer University is one such MOOC –massive online open course which incorporated these functions. More than 50 percent of the responses from a MOOC survey have agreed that MOOCs have helped them in their work or studies. Not only did MOOCs help academically, they helped decrease the gender gap by 20 per cent as compared to traditional education. As such, MOOCs can benefit the education both academically and socially. MOOCs also provide an informal setting for students to study in. In a classroom environment, there are strict rules and etiquette. With several dozens of students in a class, students may not feel comfortable to ask questions and would have to consult the teacher after the lesson. Without such regulations, students can openly ask questions and would not feel uncomfortable. In addition, unlike traditional schooling, MOOCs can be accessed 24/7, regardless of location. This would surpass time differences and geographical boundaries. Participants can learn anytime they are  comfortable to. Eventhough students may be travelling, they can still learn and make full use of their time, instead of killing time by playing games or listening to music. Therefore, MOOCs can help students by allowing them to harness their time well and giving them the courage to ask questions. Traditional schools limit their student intake by restricting them by their age, gender, highest qualification achieved, and their grades. Online schools currently do not reject or classify students according to measures mentioned above. This allows people of all demographic backgrounds to participate and learn as long as they have a stable internet connection. By nullifying these domains, not only would there be a larger number of students, the both sides can have a broader perspective of situations around the world. Lecturers on MOOCs are world-class academics, achieving degrees from top colleges and institutions all over the world. As compared to teachers in conventional schools, these lecturers would have a more diverse and deep knowledge. They would be able to better ‘inculcate’ students and conduct the tutorial more efficiently. After completing courses, students would be given certificates of accomplishment. Almost 80% of the universities in USA accept such certificates and can be used for admission to old-school learning modules. Students of all backgrounds would hence have an opportunity to excel and have an internationally-recognised certificate. Although many of these MOOCs and other platforms have not gained worldwide recognition yet, it would, in the near future, being proportional to the proliferation of the internet and smart phones. Online education will become a significant chapter in the history of mankind, due to helping millions with a single video. Despite being effective, traditional learning styles would have to be phased out with the coming of this phenomenon. 1. Do you agree that city life is becoming increasingly unattractive? (YES) (CP + CA) Ever since the proliferation of heavy machinery, a growing figure of people are being irritated by the noise pollution of cities. City dwellers have to endure the daily, unceasing annoyance from shrill sound of all sorts. The cacophonous sound of colliding metals from ongoing construction, the piercing blare of horns from vehicles or even the accumulating talking between people have gradually made most cities become less attractive days by days. Because of these factors, it is easy to  understand why most retirees are moving to the outskirt of their cities to enjoy the rest of their lives. 90 percent of elderly in the USA are trying to save their money daily in order to move to the peaceful coast which is surrounded by the deep blue sea with breaking sound waves. Even in less developed countries like Vietnam, places which give people the most pleasure are still villages with ultimate green paddy fields. All over the world, cities are about to be places to work only, not for living. The excessive urban noise that is only going to increase in the coming years will continue to eat away at the urban fantasy.1 One might say that cities are becoming safer from crime. With a more efficient police and advanced technology, syndicates would be discouraged to commit crime due to its high hey risks. However, critics fail to consider that attractions would be a ‘honeypot’ to syndicates. An increasing number of tourists visiting a city, would equate to crime rates growing exponentially. This is caused by the large numbers of tourists who flock to attractions, causing guards to be unable to have a overview of the actions of people. Residents of the city would therefore have to take precautions against such crime, rendering the city’s residents to be . The Louvre in Paris has an annual average of 8.9 million tourists visiting. Despite the fact that an adequate force of over a thousand security officers are hired in the museum, crime rates are high and constantly growing in the cosmopolitan. Cities are thus getting more vulnerable to crime and its attraction to mankind is constantly decreasing.2

Free Essays on Divine Images

come preceded by the word "And". This makes the reader connect cruelty with terror and jealousy with secrecy. We can notice that the stress of the lines in this first stanza falls onto the main word, giving an emphasizing effect. Unlike many other Blake poems, such as "The Tyger" or "The Lamb" we Herrera 2 cannot find rhyming couplets in this stanza, but the rhyming and stressing effect is enough for the reader to tie the ideas together. This effect is strengthened by the repetition of the word "human" in every line and the repetition of the "y" ending sounds in lines one, two and four. The structure of the second stanza differs from the structure of the first one. We notice that each of the lines provide an "answer" in a "symmetrical" way to each one in the first stanza. This structure can also be found in "The Lamb". This gives the impression to the reader that the poem is a closed circle, ending were it started. On a deeper level, this way of structuring can represent the inflexibility and stiffness of these negative human aspects, like immovable objects buried deep inside human nature. We can see that the most outstanding rhythmical feature of this stanza is fore grounding. In fact, ... Free Essays on Divine Images Free Essays on Divine Images Rhythm an Rhyme In "A Divine Image", Blake uses several techniques and literary devices to transmit his thoughts about social injustice, cruelty, and human nature. Rhyme and rhythm are two of the main features in this poem. This poem is the rhythm; it affects the whole mood, tone and meaning of the poem. The poet has chosen different methods to give the poem specific sounds that affect the pace and structure of the rhythm. The structure of the first stanza helps us understand the relationships between the four aspects of human nature presented through cruelty, jealousy, terror and secrecy. The first and third lines start with the main word, while in the second and fourth words come preceded by the word "And". This makes the reader connect cruelty with terror and jealousy with secrecy. We can notice that the stress of the lines in this first stanza falls onto the main word, giving an emphasizing effect. Unlike many other Blake poems, such as "The Tyger" or "The Lamb" we Herrera 2 cannot find rhyming couplets in this stanza, but the rhyming and stressing effect is enough for the reader to tie the ideas together. This effect is strengthened by the repetition of the word "human" in every line and the repetition of the "y" ending sounds in lines one, two and four. The structure of the second stanza differs from the structure of the first one. We notice that each of the lines provide an "answer" in a "symmetrical" way to each one in the first stanza. This structure can also be found in "The Lamb". This gives the impression to the reader that the poem is a closed circle, ending were it started. On a deeper level, this way of structuring can represent the inflexibility and stiffness of these negative human aspects, like immovable objects buried deep inside human nature. We can see that the most outstanding rhythmical feature of this stanza is fore grounding. In fact, ...

Surplus and Surplice

Surplus and Surplice Surplus and Surplice Surplus and Surplice By Maeve Maddox The fashion term â€Å"surplice neckline† recently came to my attention. The term applies to a diagonally crossed neckline that creates a deep v-shaped neckline. The surplice style is thought of as a â€Å"faux wrap,† a cross-over design that makes the garment look as if it is wrapped around the wearer. Unlike a wrap-around garment, the faux wrap is sewn in place. Perhaps it is this â€Å"extra† piece of cloth that causes some advertisers to misspell surplice as surplus: Dress like a goddess in this gorgeous gown made in sheer chiffon and designed with a surplus neckline Emily West Girls Surplus Neckline Floral Dress Get Deals Arden B. Womens Lace Back Surplus Neckline Tank Julian Taylor Womens Printed Surplus Neckline Dress surplus: more than sufficient; extra Before I learned the fashion term, my only acquaintance with the word surplice was the wide-sleeved white ecclesiastical garment worn by priests and altar boys over a cassock. The earliest documentation for the noun surplice in the OED is from a manuscript dated c1290. The word entered English from Anglo-Norman surpliz, which derived from medieval Latin superpellicium. By 1382, the word could also mean any â€Å"ample or enveloping† garment. The literal meaning of the Latin word was â€Å"over the fur garment.† In winter, medieval churches were cold and drafty. Apparently the priest bundled up in a practical fur tunic or robe and wore the priestly garment over it. Finally, surplice and surplus, are pronounced differently: surplice [SUR-pliss] surplus [SUR-plus] Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"Email Etiquette150 Foreign Expressions to Inspire You

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 5

Case study - Essay Example Perspectives in global media culture addresses debate on globalisation, including those regarding the local-global dialectic, questions of cultural agency, indigenous media, and identity politics. It explores key issues of the politics of representation, with particular attention being paid to questions of sub alternate, multiculturalism, cultural nationalism and media imperialism, new technologies and transnationalism (Athique, 2014). The following essay considers the example of a media house with a huge employability attraction with an example of a media text. The media text will be analysed with reference to the following questions: the different cultures represented in the particular media text; the global, local, institutional, professional and/or media cultures that have informed the creation of that particular media text; and finally, the forms of media literacy and/or the ethical norms observed. Apple Inc is an American multinational company formed in the year 1977. It designs, develops and sells consumer, computer applications, online services, and personal computers. Its best and most renowned products include the iPhone brand of phones, the iPod music play, the Mac line of computers, and the iPad line of tablet computers. As the organisation the recently acquired my services, it requires a media text to introduce its recently launched, a new line of iPhone phones. But first, before we proceed further we need to examine what a text is and how it is important to what Apple Inc. Wishes to communicate to the general public. A text is a media product that we want to examine, whether it is a television program, a poster, newspaper article, a popular song, latest fashion among others (McQuail, 2010). A text has a denotative meaning, and this essay aims to discuss such features as its narrative structure, how the meanings are communicated, and implicit values in the media text. The central